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The usage and pricing of gasoline (or ''petrol'') results from factors such as crude oil prices, processing and distribution costs, local demand, the strength of local currencies, local taxation, and the availability of local sources of gasoline (supply). Since fuels are traded worldwide, the trade prices are similar. The price paid by consumers largely reflects national pricing policy. Some regions, such as Europe and Japan, impose high taxes on gasoline (petrol); others, such as Saudi Arabia and Venezuela, subsidize the cost. Western countries have among the highest usage rates per person. The largest consumer is the United States, which used an average of 368 million US gallons (1.46 gigalitres) each day in 2011.〔 ==Fuel prices in the United States== US petroleum consumption reached an estimated in 2011, and is expected to increase to in 2012. Drivers in the United States traveled per day in 2011, and were expected to travel in 2012. This equates to an average of per vehicle per day. On average, US drivers consume of gasoline per day, or about per week.〔(Fueling America: A Snapshot of Key Facts and Figures ) Retrieved 7 August 2012〕 As of March 2013, the average price for 87 octane gasoline was $3.22 a US gallon (85¢/L). In 2008 a report by Cambridge Energy Research Associates stated that 2007 had been the year of peak gasoline usage in the United States, and that record energy prices would cause an "enduring shift" in energy consumption practices.〔 〕 According to the report, in April fuel consumption had been lower than a year before for the sixth straight month, suggesting 2008 would be the first year US usage declined in 17 years. The total annual distance driven in the US began declining in 2006. The average price per US gallon in 2012 () was $3.618 (96¢/L), the highest ever for a year. , the average price of gasoline was $3.298/gal (87¢/L), with New York at $3.70/gal (98¢/L) for the highest in the US, and Colorado at $2.987/gal (79¢/L) for the lowest. Finished motor gasoline amounts to 44% of the total US consumption of petroleum products.〔(【引用サイトリンク】author=US Energy Information Administration )〕 This corresponds to 18.5 exajoules per year. the cost of crude oil accounted for 62% of the cost of a gallon of gasoline in the United State while refining accounted for just 12%. Taxes and distribution/marketing accounted for 12% and 14% respectively.〔(What do I pay for in a gallon of regular gasoline? ) US Energy Information Administration. Retrieved 7 August 2012.〕 After Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Rita, gas prices started rising. They became record high levels. In terms of the aggregate economy, increases in crude oil prices significantly predict the growth of real gross domestic product (GDP), but increases in natural gas prices do not.〔Kliesen, Kevin L. "Rising Natural Gas Prices And Real Economic Activity". Review (00149187) 88.6 (2006): 511-526. Academic Search Premier. Web. 12 February 2013〕 All the damages from the hurricanes ran up gas prices. By 30 August, a day after Katrina’s landfall, prices in the spot market, which typically include a premium above the wellhead price, had surged pass $11 per gigajoule ($12 per million British thermal units), and by 22 September 2005, the day before Rita’s landfall, the spot price had risen to $14/GJ ($15 per million BTU).〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gasoline and diesel usage and pricing」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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